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Monadology
The ''Monadology'' ((フランス語:La Monadologie), 1714) is one of Gottfried Leibniz’s best known works representing his later philosophy. It is a short text which sketches in some 90 paragraphs a metaphysics of simple substances, or ''monads''.
== Text ==
During his last stay in Vienna from 1712 to September 1714, Leibniz wrote two short texts in French which were meant as concise expositions of his philosophy. After his death ''Principes de la nature et de la grâce fondé en raison'', which was intended for prince Eugene of Savoy, appeared in French in the Netherlands. Christian Wolff and collaborators published translations in German and Latin of the second text which came to be known as ''The Monadology''. Without having seen the Dutch publication of the ''Principes'' they had assumed that it was the French original of the ''Monadology,'' which in fact remained unpublished until 1840.
The German translation appeared in 1720 as ''Lehrsätze über die Monadologie'' and the following year the ''Acta Eruditorum'' printed the Latin version as ''Principia philosophiae''.〔Lamarra A., Contexte Génétique et Première Réception de la Monadologie, ''Revue de Synthese'' 128 (2007) 311-323〕 There are three original manuscripts of the text: the first written by Leibniz and overcharged with corrections and two further emended copies with some corrections appearing in one but not the other.〔Leibniz G.W., ''La Monadologie'', edition établie par E. Boutroux, Paris LGF 1991〕 Leibniz himself inserted references to the paragraphs of his ''Théodicée'' ("Theodicy", i.e. a justification of God), sending the interested reader there for more details.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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